Peter A.J. Bootsma in: 39th EOQ Annual Congress Proceedings, volume 1, VDF Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zurich, 1995.

Networks of process teams may be a popular reaction to increasing complexity, but they cannot replace hierarchy. Network and hierarchy don't match very well either: responsibilities for cross departmental processes are often unclear. This paper is about an attempt to compatibility and a TQM infrastructure at the same time. The concept used is `Recursive Process Management', a set of four generic management tools for process teams. These tools create common ground for specific concepts as QFD or ISO 9000 certification. The first tool, 'Process Definition', is a kind of founding charter. Teams use this to describe their purpose, team composition and their links to hierarchy. The tool fits management processes, primary and support processes and enables differentiation in autonomy levels.